I have this book sitting on my shelf that I bought over a year ago that I have yet to read. The Blank Slate by Steven Pinker. In the book Intelligent Thought he writes an essay called:
Evolution and Ethics
Pinker states that the point of his essay is that "Its true science cannot provide us with moral principles. But neither can religion."
He talks about why it seems that there is association with religion and morality. If anyone would look at history they would see that the opposite seems to happen. The bible talks of many atrocities of humans killing others in the name of God.
Pinker states "that religion has given the world stonings, witch burnings, crusades, inquisitions, holy wars. jihads, fatwas, suicide bombers, gay bashers, abortion-clinic gunmen, child molesters, and mothers who drown their sons so they can happily be reunited in heaven."
Pinker poses the question "If morality doesn't come from religion, where does it come from?"
This is an important question to me, since I have been asked some ridiculous questions from an old boss of mine. I was never shy to say that I was an agnostic or atheist, if the subject came up. It did come up a lot after I was diagnosed with breast cancer. My boss didn't say this but someone commented on how I could ever get through such a thing without God or believing in God. I guess I was put to the ultimate atheist test at that point - would I revert to praying once cancer came into my life? no.
When I was told I had cancer I was scared to death. I had to face my mortality head on at a relatively young age. I never even once thought of praying to God. I knew that in my mind it was all just a matter of whether the chemo would work, my immune system could kick in or that the cancer was not that virulent and I would survive. I put my faith in my knowledge about what decisions to make and the physicians that I picked to help me with my cancer battle.
Back to my old boss - I think he actually was a bit fascinated with me being an atheist so he would ask me some odd questions that I never encountered before. One was: How come (since you don't believe in God) that you don't go out and stab people in the back. I think he meant it figuratively, not literally. So, what was he saying here? He was wondering how I could have morals if I didn't believe in an afterlife and God. My answer was this -- I don't stab people in the back or do horrible things to others because I value human life. Thats it.
So does that mean the only reason that HE isn't doing bad things to others is because he believes he will be punished in the afterlife? Hmmm..I think that maybe I'm the better person here because I'm trying to be a moral person for the sake of it. Not because I believe I'm going to get a reward or punishment after I die.
So what does Pinker have to say on this issue?
"The theory of natural selection has no trouble explaining the evolution of moral sense. The love of one's children and other blood relatives is a direct consequence of the way evolution works. a gene that impelled an organism to help a close relative would indirectly be helping a copy of that gene sitting inside the relative, and such a gene would then spread through the population"
"So not only is Darwinism compatible with our having moral sense, it can explain why we evolved to have one."
It seems clear to me that this moral sense that we do have is part of us because we want our species to survive and carry on. It is a positive attribute. Remember learning in biology class -- Survival of the Fittest? As homo sapiens we are at the top of the latter as far as other species on this earth. We got here by generations upon generations upon generations etc... of using what best works to keep us alive and reproducing.
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